Thymbra
Works Consulted
Clothier, Stephen. Greek Perspectives on Cyrus and his Conquests. Hamilton: McMaster University, 1997.
Davis, Paul K. 100 Decisive Battles from Ancient Times to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present, Fourth Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
Farrokh, Kaveh. Shadows in the Desert: Ancient Persia at War. Oxford: Osprey, 2007.
Herodotus. The Histories. Translated by Aubrey de Selincourt. New York: Penguin, 2003.
Lamb, Harold. Cyrus the Great. London: Hale, 1961.
Xenophon. Cyropaedia. Translated by Maurice Ashley. London: 1728.
Images
Croesus: http://www.livius.org/men-mh/mermnads/croesus.htm
Cyrus the Great: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrus_the_Great
Egyptian infantry: http://www.twcenter.net/forums/showthread.php?t=61303
Lydian cavalry: http://www.riseofpersia.com/forums/viewtopic.php?f=15&t=619&view=previous
Persian cavalry: http://www.twcenter.net/forums/showthread.php?t=66603
Persian infantry: http://www.twcenter.net/forums/showthread.php?t=40239
Marathon
Works Consulted
Black, Jeremy. The Seventy Great Battles in History. New York: Thames & Hudson, 2004.
Davis, Paul K. 100 Decisive Battles from Ancient Times to the Present.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present, Fourth Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
Goodenough, Simon. Tactical Genius in Battle. Oxford: Phodian Press, 1979.
Herodotus. The Histories. New York: Penguin, 2003.
Lendering, Jona. “Battle of Marathon.” Livius. http://www.livius.org/man-md/marathon/marathon.html (accessed Nov. 20, 2007).
United States Military Academy History Department. “Atlas for Ancient Warfare.” United States Military Academy. http://www.dean.usma.edu/history/web03/atlases/AncientWarfare/index.htm (accessed Sep. 25, 2008).
Images
Greek hoplite: http://www.ritsumei.ac.jp/se/~luv20009/Greek_shield_patterns_1.html
Miltiades: http://etc.usf.edu/clipart/galleries/People/famouspeople_19.htm
Persian light infantry: http://www.southeasthobbies.com.au/catalogue/italeri/
Persian cavalry: http://joseph_berrigan.tripod.com/ancientbabylon/id27.html
Leuctra
Works Consulted
Davis, Paul K. 100 Decisive Battles from Ancient Times to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Goodenough, Simon. Tactical Genius in Battle. Oxford: Phodian Press, 1979.
Hanson, Victor Davis. “The Leuctra Mirage.” Military History Quarterly 2.2 (1990): 54-59.
Warry, John. Warfare in the Classical World. London: Salamander, 1980.
Images
Athenian hoplite: http://www.twcenter.net/forums/downloads.php?do=file&id=1225
Cavalry: http://strategicsimulations.net/catalog/default.php?cPath=26
Epamindondas: http://www.leme.pt/historia/palavras/
Peltast: http://uoregon.edu/~klio/maps/gr/peltast2.jpg
Spartan hoplite: http://forums.totalwar.org/vb/showthread.php?t=76046
Tyre
Works Consulted
Cummins, Joseph. Turn Around and Run Like Hell: Amazing Stories of Unconventional Military Strategies that Worked. London: Murdoch, 2007.
DeVries, Kelly, Martin J. Dougherty, Christopher Jorgensen, Chris
Mann and Chris McNab. Battles that Changed Warfare 1457 BC – AD 1991. London: Amber, 2008.
Fuller, J.F.C. The Generalship of Alexander the Great. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1958.
Warry, John. Warfare in the Classical World. London: Salamander, 1980
Images
Alexander the Great: http://www.wpclipart.com/famous/political/
Macedonian infantry: http://scottthong.wordpress.com/2007/05/21/the-macedonian-phalanx/
Triremes: http://joseph_berrigan.tripod.com/ancientbabylon/id34.html
Tyrian men of military age: http://anthropology.net/2007/05/29/how-alexander-the-great-used-holocene-morphogenesis-to-capture-tyre/
Gaugamela
Works Consulted
Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present, Fourth Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
Fuller, J.F.C. The Generalship of Alexander the Great. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1958.
Goodenough, Simon. Tactical Genius in Battle. Oxford: Phodian Press, 1979.
Livesey, Anthony. Great Commanders and Their Battles. New York: Macmillian Publishing, 1987.
Warry, John. Warfare in the Classical World. London: Salamander, 1980.
Images
Alexander the Great: http://www.wpclipart.com/famous/political/
Darius III: http://www.crystalinks.com/dynasty29.html
Macedonian cavalry: http://www.elleemmeshop.com/model1/figurini_militari/figurini.htm
Macedonian heavy infantry: http://scottthong.wordpress.com/2007/05/21/the-macedonian-phalanx/
Macedonian light infantry: http://www.tracks-n-troops.com/hat_figures.htm
Persian cavalry: http://www.tracks-n-troops.com/hat_figures.htm
Persian heavy infantry: http://forums.totalwar.org/vb/showthread.php?t=85191
Persian light infantry: http://www.iranchamber.com/history/achaemenids/achaemenid_army.php
Persian scythed chariots: http://jyte.com/cl/id-like-to-spend-a-half-of-my-existence-dallying-about-to-suddenly-experience-a-flash-of-inexplicable-inspiration-that-motivates-me-to-establish-my-raison-detre-2
Persian war elephant: http://pro.corbis.com/search/Enlargement.aspx?CID=isg&mediauid=%7B694F0FE7-A50F-4B6F-87FE-0D719F46E204%7D
Hydaspes River
Works Consulted
“Battle of the Hydaspes River {June 326}.” Brigham Young University. http://history.byu.edu/fac/hamblin/ALEX/34%20Hydaspes.htm (accessed Dec. 25, 2007).
Chandler, David. The Art of Warfare on Land. Norwich: Jarold & Sons Ltd, 1974.
Gabriel, Richard A. “What We Learned . . . from the Hydaspes River.” Military History 24.10 (2008): 17.
Tsouras, Peter G. “Wars of Alexander the Great: Battle of the Hydaspes River.” Military History June 2004, http://www.historynet.com/magazines/military_history/3027066.html?page=1&c=y (accessed Dec. 24, 2007).
Warry, John. Warfare in the Classical World. London: Salamander, 1980.
Images
Alexander the Great: http://www.wpclipart.com/famous/political/
King Porus: http://joseph_berrigan.tripod.com/ancientbabylon/id36.html
Macedonian infantry: http://scottthong.wordpress.com/2007/05/21/the-macedonian-phalanx/
Macedonian cavalry: http://www.elleemmeshop.com/model1/figurini_militari/figurini.htm
Pauravan cavalry: http://strategicsimulations.net/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=809
Pauravan chariot: http://aryamehr11.blogspot.com/2007/03/300-movie.html
Pauravan war elephant: http://www.hellenica.de/Griechenland/LX/Kriegselefanten.html
Ipsus
Works Consulted
Bar-Kochva, Bezalel. The Seleucid Army: Organization and Tactics in the Great Campaigns. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1976.
Cary, Max. A History of the Greek World from 323 to 146 BC. London: Meuthen, 1932.
Davis, Paul K. 100 Decisive Battles from Ancient Times to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Tarn, W.W. Antigonos Gonatas. Chicago: Argonaut, 1969.
Warry, John. Warfare in the Classical World. London: Salamander, 1980.
Images
Allied cavalry: http://www.twcenter.net/forums/showthread.php?t=189820
Allied chariot: http://jyte.com/cl/id-like-to-spend-a-half-of-my-existence-dallying-about-to-suddenly-experience-a-flash-of-inexplicable-inspiration-that-motivates-me-to-establish-my-raison-detre-2
Allied infantry: http://eoa.wikia.com/wiki/Antigonid_Army
Allied war elephant: http://joseph_berrigan.tripod.com/ancientbabylon/id36.html
Antigonid cavalry: http://eoa.wikia.com/wiki/Antigonid_Army
Antigonid infantry: http://forums.totalwar.org/vb/showthread.php?43105-Successors-Total-War-(former-Diadochi-Total-War)&p=803950&viewfull=1
Antigonid war elephant: http://joseph_berrigan.tripod.com/ancientbabylon/id36.html
Antigonus I: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Antigone_le_Borgne_(pi%C3%A8ce).jpg
Demetrius I: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demetrius_I_of_Macedon
Lysimachus: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysimachus
Seleucus I: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seleucus_I_Nicator
The Trebia
Works Consulted
Cottrell, Leonard. Enemy of Rome. London: Camelot, 1960.
Dodge, Theodore. Great Captains: Hannibal. New York: Riverside, 1891.
Lamb, Harold. Hannibal: One Man Against Rome. New York: Doubleday, 1958.
Rickard, J. “Battle of Trebia, late December 218 BC.” History of War. http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/battles_trebia.html (accessed Dec. 14, 2008).
Images
Carthaginian cavalry: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/carthaginian_units/index.shtml
Carthaginian infantry: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/carthaginian_units/index.shtml
Carthaginian war elephant: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/carthaginian_units/index.shtml
Hannibal Barca: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannibal
Roman infantry: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/rome/
Roman cavalry: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/rome/
Lake Trasimene
Works Consulted
Arnold, Thomas. The Second Punic War. London: MacMillan, 1886.
Bradford, Ernle. Hannibal. London: MacMillan, 1981.
Cottrell, Leonard. Enemy of Rome. London: Camelot, 1960.
Dodge, Theodore. Great Captains: Hannibal. New York: Riverside, 1891.
Images
Carthaginian cavalry: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/carthaginian_units/index.shtml
Carthaginian infantry: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/carthaginian_units/index.shtml
Hannibal Barca: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannibal
Roman infantry: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/rome/
Roman cavalry: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/rome/
Raphia
Works Consulted
Polybius. The Histories of Polybius. Bloomington: Indiana University, 1962.
Rickard, J. “Battle of Raphia, 22 June 217 BC.” History of War. http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/battles_raphia.html (accessed May 24, 2009).
Warry, John. Warfare in the Classical World. London: Salamander, 1980.
Images
Antioch III the Great: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiochus_III_the_Great
Egyptian cavalry: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/egyptian/index.shtml
Egyptian infantry: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/egyptian/index.shtml
Egyptian peltast: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/egyptian/index.shtml
Egyptian war elephant: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/carthaginian_units/index.shtml
Ptolemy IV: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptolemy_IV_of_Egypt
Seleucid cavalry: http://eoa.wikia.com/wiki/Antigonid_Army
Seleucid infantry: http://eoa.wikia.com/wiki/Antigonid_Army
Seleucid peltasts: http://eoa.wikia.com/wiki/Antigonid_Army
Seleucid war elephant: http://joseph_berrigan.tripod.com/ancientbabylon/id36.html
Ilipa
Works Consulted
Bagnall, Nigel. The Punic Wars. London: Random Century, 1990.
Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present, Fourth Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
Scullard, H.H. Scipio Africanus: Soldier and Politician. New York: Cornell University, 1970.
“The Battle of Ilipa.” Illustrated History of the Roman Empire. http://www.roman-empire.net/army/ilipa.html (accessed Sep. 5 2008).
Images
Carthaginian cavalry: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/carthaginian_units/index.shtml
Carthaginian infantry: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/carthaginian_units/index.shtml
Carthaginian war elephant: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/carthaginian_units/index.shtml
Roman infantry: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/rome/
Roman cavalry: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/rome/
Scipio Africanus: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Old_man.JPG
Zama
Works Consulted
Bagnall, Nigel. The Punic Wars. London: Random Century, 1990.
Carey, Brian Todd. Hannibal’s Last Battle: Zama and the Fall of Carthage. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Military, 2007.
Cottrell, Leonard. Enemy of Rome. London: Camelot, 1960.
Dodge, Theodore. Great Captains: Hannibal. New York: Riverside, 1891.
Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present, Fourth Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
Scullard, H.H. Scipio Africanus: Soldier and Politician. New York: Cornell University, 1970.
Warry, John. Warfare in the Classical World. London: Salamander, 1980.
Images
Carthaginian cavalry: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/carthaginian_units/index.shtml
Carthaginian infantry: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/carthaginian_units/index.shtml
Carthaginian war elephant: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/carthaginian_units/index.shtml
Hannibal Barca: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannibal
Roman infantry: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/rome/
Roman cavalry: http://rtw.heavengames.com/rtw/info/units/rome/
Scipio Africanus: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Old_man.JPG
Alesia
Works Consulted
Cummins, Joseph. Turn Around and Run Like Hell: Amazing Stories of Unconventional Military Strategies that Worked. London: Murdoch, 2007.
Dupuy, Trevor Nevitt. The Military Life of Julius Caear: Imperator. New York: Franklin Watts, 1969.
Fuller, J.F.C. Julius Caesar: Man, Soldier and Tyrant. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1965.
Goldsworthy, Adrian. Caesar. London: Orion, 2007.
Warry, John. Warfare in the Classical World. London: Salamander, 1980.
Images
Gallic cavalry: http://community.imaginefx.com/fxpose/johnny_shumates_portfolio/default.aspx?ppage=3
Gallic infantry: http://community.imaginefx.com/fxpose/johnny_shumates_portfolio/default.aspx?ppage=2
Julius Caesar: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Caesar
Roman cavalry: http://www.angelfire.com/pe/ATSTOYSOLDIERS/AXXS/ITALERI.html
Roman infantry: http://community.imaginefx.com/fxpose/johnny_shumates_portfolio/default.aspx?ppage=4
Vercingetorix: http://extremecatholic.blogspot.com/2003_06_29_extremecatholic_archive.html
Strasbourg
Works Consulted
Delbrück, Hans. History of the Art of War Within the Framework of Political History: The Germans Vol. 1. Translated by Walter J. Renfroe Jr. Westport: Greenwood, 1980.
Drinkwater, J.F. The Alamanni and Rome 213-496. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.
Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present, Fourth Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
Elton, Hugh. Warfare in Roman Europe AD 350-425. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.
Goldsworthy, Adrian. Roman Warfare. New York: Cassell, 2000.
Head, Constance. The Emperor Julian. Boston: Twayne, 1976.
Warry, John. Warfare in the Classical World. London: Salamander, 1980.
Images
Alamannic cavalry: http://www.dbaol.com/armies/army_74_figure_1.htm
Alamannic infantry: http://www.dbaol.com/armies/army_74_figure_1.htm
Julian the Apostate: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_the_Apostate
Roman cavalry: http://www.dbaol.com/armies/army_77a_figure_1.htm
Roman infantry: http://www.dbaol.com/armies/army_77a_figure_1.htm
Adrianople
Works Consulted
Black, Jeremy. The Seventy Great Battles in History. New York: Thames & Hudson, 2004.
Davis, Paul K. 100 Decisive Battles from Ancient Times to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present, Fourth Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
“The Battle of Adrianople (Hadrianopolis)” Illustrated History of the Roman Empire. http://www.roman-empire.net/army/adrianople.html (accessed Jan. 27, 2008).
Warry, John. Warfare in the Classical World. London: Salamander, 1980.
Zentner, Joe. “Adrianople: The Last Great Battle of Antiquity.” Military History October 2005, http://www.historynet.com/adrianople- last-great-battle-of-antiquity.htm (accessed Jan. 27, 2008).
Images
Emperor Flavius Valens: http://www.livius.org/va-vh/valentinian/gratianus.html
Gothic cavalry: http://forums.civfanatics.com/showthread.php?page=9&t=87324
Gothic infantry: http://forums.civfanatics.com/showthread.php?page=9&t=87324
Roman cavalry: http://www.angelfire.com/pe/ATSTOYSOLDIERS/AXXS/ITALERI.html
Roman infantry: http://www.legionarybooks.net/the_imperial_legions
Catalaunian Plains
Works Consulted
DeVries, Kelly. “Catalaunian Field, AD 451.” In Battles of the Ancient World 1300 BC – AD 451, 206-215.London: Amber, 2007.
Ferrill, Arthur. “Attila at Châlons.” Military History Quarterly 1.4 (1989): 48-55.
Fuller, J.F.C. The A Military History of the Western World Vol. 1. New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1954.
Gordon, Richard. “Battle of Chalons: Attila the Hun Versus Flavius Aetius.” History Net. http://www.historynet.com/battle-of-chalons-attila-the-hun-versus-flavius-aetius.htm (accessed July 10, 2010).
Howarth, Patrick. Attila, King of the Huns: The Man and the Myth. New York: Carroll & Graf, 2001.
Man, John. Attila: The Barbarian King Who Challenged Rome. New York: T. Dunne/St. Martin’s, 2006.
Images
Attilla the Hun: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attila_the_Hun
Flavius Aetius: http://theo.inrne.bas.bg/~dtrif/abv/Aetius,%20two%20pictures.htm
Hun and Ostrogoth soldiers: http://www.twcenter.net/forums/showthread.php?t=262012
Roman and Visigoth soldiers: http://www.twcenter.net/forums/showthread.php?t=262012
Daras
Works Consulted
Chandler, David. The Art of Warfare on Land. Norwich: Jarold & Sons Ltd, 1974.
Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From
3500 BC to the Present, Fourth Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
Goodenough, Simon. Tactical Genius in Battle. Oxford: Phodian Press, 1979.
Haldon, John. The Byzantine Wars: Battles and Campaigns of the Byzantine Era. Stroud: Tempus, 2001.
Procopius. The Persian War. Edited by T.E. Page and W.H.D. Rouse. London: William Heinemann, 1943.
United States Military Academy History Department. “Atlas for Ancient Warfare.” United States Military Academy. http://www.dean.usma.edu/history/web03/atlases/AncientWarfare/index.htm (accessed Aug. 11, 2009).
Images
Belisarius: http://www.inspeyered.de/home/participants/italy
Byzantine soldiers: http://www.twcenter.net/forums/showthread.php?t=80998
Sassanid soldiers: http://forums.totalwar.org/vb/showthread.php?t=117129
Ad Decimum
Works Consulted
DeVries, Kelly, Martin J. Dougherty, Christopher Jorgensen, Chris Mann and Chris McNab. Battles that Changed Warfare 1457 BC – AD 1991. London: Amber, 2008.
Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present, Fourth Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
Images
Belisarius: http://www.inspeyered.de/home/participants/italy
Byzantine cavalry: http://dprice.blogspot.com/2008/06/official-2000th-post-post.html
Byzantine infantry: http://www.twcenter.net/forums/showthread.php?t=80998
Vandal cavalry: http://www.umiacs.umd.edu/~kuijt/dbaDocs/lighthorse.html
Vandal infantry: http://steppes.proboards23.com/index.cgi?board=board21&action=print&thread=439
Walaja
Works Consulted
Akram, Agha Ibrahim. The Sword of Allah: Khalid bin al-Waleed - His Life and Campaigns. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1970.
Muir, William. Annals of the Early Caliphate A.D. 632-680. Amsterdam: Oriental, 1968.
Tabari, Jarir al. The Challenge to the Empires. Translated by Khalid Yahya Blankinship, vol. XI of The History of al-Tabari. Albany: State University, 1993.
Images
Rashidun cavalry: www.tedtoy.com/newtoysoldiers.htm
Rashidun infantry: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rashidun_Caliphate_army
Sassanid cavalry: http://lichsuvn.info/forum/showthread.php?t=878&page=2
Sassanid infantry: http://media.photobucket.com/image/persian%20infantry%20belisarius/RCasti998/RTW/RTW_Persian_infantry.jpg
Damascus
Works Consulted
Akram, Aqha Ibrahim. Sword of Allah: Khalid ibn al-Waleed - His Life and Campaigns. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1970.
Burns, Ross. Damascus: A History. New York: Routledge, 2005.
Donner, Fred McGraw. The Early Islamic Conquests. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1981.
Kaegi, Walter Emil. Byzantium and the Early Islamic Conquests. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
Nicolle, David. Yarmuk AD 636: Muslim Conquest of Syria. Oxford: Osprey, 1994.
Images
Byzantine infantry: http://www.irregularminiatures.co.uk/15mmRanges/15mmDarkAges.htm
Rashidun cavalry: www.tedtoy.com/newtoysoldiers.htm
Rashidun infantry: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rashidun_Caliphate_army
Yarmuk
Works Consulted
Akram, Aqha Ibrahim. Sword of Allah: Khalid ibn al-Waleed - His Life and Campaigns. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1970.
Donner, Fred McGraw. The Early Islamic Conquests. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1981.
Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present, Fourth Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
Fratini, Dan. “The Battle of Yarmuk, 636.” http://www.militaryhistoryonline.com/muslimwars/articles/yarmuk.aspx (Nov. 3, 2008).
Kaegi, Walter Emil. Byzantium and the Early Islamic Conquests. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
Kennedy, Hugh. The Great Arab Conquests: How the Spread of Islam Changed the World We Live In. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2007.
Regan, Geoffrey. The Guinness Book of Decisive Battles. New York: Canopy, 1992.
Images
Byzantine cavalry: http://www.irregularminiatures.co.uk/15mmRanges/15mmDarkAges.htm
Byzantine infantry: http://www.irregularminiatures.co.uk/15mmRanges/15mmDarkAges.htm
Rashidun cavalry: www.tedtoy.com/newtoysoldiers.htm
Rashidun infantry: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rashidun_Caliphate_army
Arsuf
Works Consulted
Chandler, David. The Art of Warfare on Land. Norwich: Jarold & Sons Ltd, 1974.
Edwards, Sean J.A. “Swarming and the Future of Warfare.” Pardee Rand Graduate School. http://www.rand.org/pubs/rgs_dissertations/2005/RAND_RGSD189.pdf (Jan. 28, 2008).
Fratini, Dan. “The Battle of Arsuf.” Military History Online. http://www.militaryhistoryonline.com/crusades/articles/arsuf.as px (Jan. 27, 2008).
Macdonald, John. Great Battlefields of the World. New York: Macmillan Publishing, 1987.
Richard, J. “Third Crusade, 1189-1193.” History of War. http://www.historyofwar.org/index.html (Sep. 30, 2008).
Images
Crusader infantry: http://forums.civfanatics.com/showthread.php?t=22289
Crusader knight: http://knightanddragon.com/crusaders.html
Crusader turcopole: http://forums.civfanatics.com/showthread.php?t=22289
Richard Coeur de Lion: http://expatyank.wordpress.com/2008/03/31/get-the-demonizing-terminology-straight/
Salah al-Din Ibn Ayyub: http://i-cias.com/e.o/saladin.htm
Saracen cavalry: http://forums.civfanatics.com/showthread.php?t=22289
Saracen light infantry: http://forums.civfanatics.com/showthread.php?t=22289
Mohi Heath
Works Consulted
Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present, Fourth Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
Edwards, Sean J.A. “Swarming and the Future of Warfare.” Pardee Rand Graduate School. http://www.rand.org/pubs/rgs_dissertations/2005/RAND_RGSD189.pdf (Apr. 6, 2008).
Goodenough, Simon. Tactical Genius in Battle. Oxford: Phodian Press, 1979.
Hildinger, Erik. “Mongol Invasions: Battle of Liegnitz.” History Net. http://www.historynet.com/mongol-invasions-battle-of-liegnitz.htm/2 (Apr. 6, 2008).
Kennedy, Hugh. Mongols, Huns & Vikings. London: Cassell, 2002.
“The Battle of Mohi.” All Empires Online History Community. http://www.allempires.com/article/index.php?q=battle_mohi (Apr. 6, 2008).
Images
Hungarian infantry: http://www.sierratoysoldier.com/ourstore/pc/viewPrd.asp?idcategory=158&idproduct=2817
Hungarian heavy cavalry: http://www.miniatures.de/int/dba-army-151-teutonic-order.html
King Bela IV: http://www.krizevci.net/hr/html/belabula.html
Mongol mixed cavalry: http://xenohistorian.faithweb.com/russia/ru01.html
Subedei: http://www.coldsiberia.org/subedei.htm
Kulikovo
Works Consulted
Buganov, Victor Ivanovich. Kulikovskaia Bitva. Moscow: Pedagogica, 1985.
Halperin, Charles J. The Tatar Yoke. Columbus: Slavica, 1986.
De Hartog, Leo. Russia and the Mongol Yoke: The History of the Russian Principalities and the Golden Horde, 1221-1502. London: British Academic Press, 1996.
Heath, Ian. Armies of the Middle Ages Vol. 2: The Ottoman Empire, Eastern Europe and the Near East, 1300-1500. Sussex: Flexprint, 1984.
Kotker, Norman. “Kulikovo Field.” Military History Quarterly 6.1 (1993): 20-31.
Vernadsky, George. The Mongols and Russia. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1953.
Images
Dmitri Donskoy: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dmitri_Donskoy_140-190_for_collage.jpg
Mongol-Tatar soldiers: http://img517.imageshack.us/i/tatarva0.png/
Russian soldiers: http://pc.ign.com/articles/731/731089p2.html
Kosovo
Works Consulted
Emmert, Thomas A. “The Battle of Kosovo: Early Reports of Victory and Defeat.” In Kosovo: Legacy of a Medieval Battle. Minneapolis, University of Minnesota, 1991.
Heath, Ian. Armies of the Middle Ages Vol. 2: The Ottoman Empire, Eastern Europe and the Near East, 1300-1500. Sussex: Flexprint, 1984.
Nicolle, David. Armies of the Ottoman Turks 1300-1774. London: Osprey, 1983.
Pappas, Nicholas C.J. and Lee Brigance Pappas. “The Ottoman View of the Battle of Kosovo.” In Kosovo: Legacy of a Medieval Battle. Minneapolis, University of Minnesota, 1991.
Sedlar, Jean W. East Central Europe in the Middle Ages, 1000-1500. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1994.
Uyar, Mesut and Edward J. Erickson. A Military History of the Ottomans: From Osman to Ataturk. Santa Barbara: Praeger Security International, 2009.
Images
Bayezid I: http://lexicorient.com/e.o/s04-bayezid1.htm
Lazar Hrebeljanovic: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazar_of_Serbia
Murad I: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murad_I
Ottoman soldiers: http://chinahistoryforum.com/lofiversion/index.php/t18570.html
Serbian soldiers: http://www.twcenter.net/forums/showthread.php?t=348592&page=5
Ankara
Works Consulted
Works Consulted
Black, Jeremy. The Seventy Great Battles in History. New York: Thames & Hudson, 2004.
Dincer, Turgut. “The Battle of Ankara (1402).” http://members.core.com/~turgut/ankara.htm (accessed August 7, 2009).
Heath, Ian. Armies of the Middle Ages Vol. 2: The Ottoman Empire, Eastern Europe and the Near East, 1300-1500. Sussex: Flexprint, 1984.
Lamb, Harold. Tamerlane the Earth Shaker. New York: Garden City, 1928.
Marozzi, Justin. Tamerlane: Sword of Islam, Conqueror of the World. Suffolk: Da Capo, 2006.
Images
Bayezid I: http://lexicorient.com/e.o/s04-bayezid1.htm
Ottoman soldiers: http://chinahistoryforum.com/lofiversion/index.php/t18570.html
Tamerlane: http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/india/history/delhi.htm
Timurid soldiers: http://wabforum.co.uk/viewtopic.php?f=1&t=1938&st=0&sk=t&sd=a&start=0
Varna
Works Consulted
Babinger, Franz. Mehmed the Conqueror and His Time. Translated by Ralph Manheim. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1978.
Chasin, Martin. “The Crusade of Varna.” In A History of the Crusades Vol. 6: The Impact of the Crusades on Europe, 276-310. Edited by Kenneth M. Setton. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1989.
Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present, Fourth Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
Haywood, Matthew. “Hungarian Tactics and Significant Battles.” Warfare East. http://www.warfareeast.co.uk/main/Hungarian_Battles.htm (accessed Apr. 22, 2011).
Heath, Ian. Armies of the Middle Ages Vol. 2: The Ottoman Empire, Eastern Europe and the Near East, 1300-1500. Sussex: Flexprint, 1984.
Housley, Norman. The Later Crusades, 1274-1580. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992.
Imber, Colin. The Crusade of Varna, 1443-1445: Crusade Texts in Translation. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2006.
Inalcik, Halil. “The Ottoman Turks and the Crusades, 1329-1451.” In A History of the Crusades Vol. 6: The Impact of the Crusades on Europe, 222-275. Edited by Kenneth M. Setton. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1989.
Muresanu, Camil. John Hunyadi: Defender of Christendom. Translated by Laura Treptow. Portland: Center for Romanian Studies, 2001.
Pears, Edwin. Destruction of the Greek Empire. New York: Haskell, 1968.
Thuroczy, Janos. Chronicle of the Hungarians. Translated by Frank Mantello. Bloomington: Indiana University, 1991.
Images
Hungarian cavalry: http://www.dbaol.com/armies/army_166_figure_1.htm
John Hunyadi: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hunyadi
Murad II: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murad_II
Ottoman cavalry: http://www.dbaol.com/armies/army_160b_figure_1.htm
Ottoman infantry: http://www.dbaol.com/armies/army_160b_figure_1.htm
Lepanto
Works Consulted
Beeching, Jack. The Galleys at Lepanto. London: Hutchinson, 1982.
Black, Jeremy. The Seventy Great Battles in History. New York: Thames & Hudson, 2004.
Crowley, Robert. Empires of the Sea: The Siege of Malta, the Battle of Lepanto and the Contest for the Center of the World. New York: Random House, 2008.
Davis, Paul K. 100 Decisive Battles from Ancient Times to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present, Fourth Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
Fuller, J.F.C. The Decisive Battles of the Western World Vol. 1. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1956.
Guilmartin, John Francis. Gunpowder and Galleys: Changing Technology and Mediterranean Warfare at Sea in the 16th Century. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 2003.
Images
Don Juan of Austria: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_Austria
Holy League galeasse: http://www.collectableships.com/models/GoldenOldies.htm
Holy League galley: http://www001.upp.so-net.ne.jp/a-sasano/galley.htm
Müezzinzade Ali Pasha: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCezzinzade_Ali_Pasha
Ottoman galley: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Ponza_(1552)
Nagashino
Works Consulted
DeVries, Kelly, Martin J. Dougherty, Christopher Jorgensen, Chris Mann and Chris McNab. Battles that Changed Warfare 1457 BC – AD 1991. London: Amber, 2008.
Kure, Mitsuo. Samurai: An Illustrated History. Boston: Turtle, 2001.
Ledbetter, Nathan. “The Battle of Nagashino.” The Samurai Archives. http://www.samurai-archives.com/ban.html (accessed July 26, 2008).
Turnbull, Stephen. Battles of the Samurai. New York: Arms and Amour, 1987.
Images
Arquebusiers: http://www.geocities.com/azuchiwind/oda14.htm
Cavalry: http://www.takeda.ro/e_takeda_spirit.htm
Infantry: http://samourais.free.fr/S_Ashigaru.html
Oda Nobunaga: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oda_Nobunaga
Takeda Katsuyori: http://www.samurai-archives.com/katsuyori.html
Tokugawa Ieyasu: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Tokugawa_Ieyasu.jpg
Sacheon
Works Consulted
DeVries, Kelly, Martin J. Dougherty, Christopher Jorgensen, Chris Mann and Chris McNab. Battles that Changed Warfare 1457 BC – AD 1991. London: Amber, 2008.
Images
Japanese Atakebune: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atakebune
Japanese Sekibune: http://mbx.streetofeyes.com/index.php?topic=1031.0
Korean Panokson: http://english.yi-sunsin.com/02battle/03_03.jsp
Korean Kobokson: http://oodacycle.com/YiSunSin.aspx
Yi Sun-sin: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yi_Sun-sin
Worcester
Works Consulted
Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present, Fourth Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
Plant, David. “1651: the Worcester Campaign.” British Civil Wars and Commonwealth website. http://www.british-civil-wars.co.uk/military/1651-worcester.htm (accessed June 13, 2009).
Seymour, William. Battles in Britain 1642-1746, Vol. II. London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 1975.
Young, Peter and Richard Holmes. The English Civil War. London: Eyre Methuen, 1974.
Images
Charles II: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_II_of_England
Loyalist soldiers: http://www.collingwoodhistoricart.com/single_figures.htm
Oliver Cromwell: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell
Parliamentarian soldiers: http://www.thomas-wentworth.co.uk/troops.htm
Blenheim
Works Consulted
Belloc, Hilaire. The Tactics and Strategy of the Great Duke of Marlborough. Bristol: Arrowsmith, 1933.
Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present, Fourth Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
Falkner, James. Great Glorious Days: Marlborough’s Battles. Staplehurst: Spellmount, 2002.
Goodenough, Simon. Tactical Genius in Battle. Oxford: Phodian Press, 1979.
Nicholson, G.W.L. Marlborough and the War of Spanish Succession. Ottawa: Queen’s Printer, 1955.
Images
Allied soldiers: http://www.fmft.net/archives/001862.html
Duc de Tallard: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camille_d%27Hostun,_duc_de_Tallard
Duke of Marlborough: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Churchill,_1st_Duke_of_Marlborough
Elector of Bavaria: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximilian_II_Emanuel,_Elector_of_Bavaria
Eugene of Savoy: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugene_of_savoy
French soldiers: http://www.militaryphotos.net/forums/showthread.php?t=114993&page=5
Leuthen
Works Consulted
Goodenough, Simon. Tactical Genius in Battle. Oxford: Phodian Press, 1979.
Livesey, Anthony. Great Commanders and Their Battles. New York: Macmillian Publishing, 1987.
Images
Austrian artillery: http://www.gutenberg.org/files/20483/20483-h/20483-h.htm
Austrian cavalry: http://www.themodelcatalogue.com/cgi-bin/sh000001.pl?REFPAGE=http%3a%2f%2fwww%2ethemodelcatalogue%2ecom%2facatalog%2fRevell_Military_Figures_1_72%2ehtml&WD=prussian&SHOP=%20&PN=Revell_Military_Figures_1_72%2ehtml%23arev02589#arev02589
Austrian infantry: http://www.hobbies-plus.co.uk/acatalog/Revell___Figures___Combination_Sets.html
Charles of Lorraine: http://www.answers.com/topic/prince-charles-alexander-of-lorraine
Frederick the Great: http://ualr.edu/sbhunziker/Germany1/Lectures/Lecture18.html
Prussian artillery: http://napoleonistyka.atspace.com/Prussian_artillery_Napoleon.htm
Prussian cavalry: http://napoleonistyka.atspace.com/Heilsberg_battle.htm
Prussian infantry: http://napoleonistyka.atspace.com/Prussian_army.htm
Quebec
Works Consulted
Bishop, Arthur. True Canadian: Battles that Forged Our Nation 1759-1953. Toronto: Key Porter, 2008.
Black, Jeremy. The Seventy Great Battles in History. New York: Thames & Hudson, 2004.
Donaldson, Gordon. Battle for a Continent: Quebec 1759. Toronto: Doubleday, 1973.
Garret, Richard. Clash of Arms: The World’s Greatest Land Battles. New York: Galahad, 1976.
Images
British infantry: http://www.britishbattles.com/battle-of-quebec.htm
British ship of the line: http://rivermanundercliff.blogspot.com/2007/11/thirst-for-sail.html
Charles Saunders: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Saunders_(admiral)
French infantry: http://www.militaryphotos.net/forums/showthread.php?t=114993&page=5
James Wolfe: http://www.electricscotland.com/history/scotreg/mcculloch/story5.htm
Marquis de Montcalm: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis-Joseph_de_Montcalm
Cowpens
Works Consulted
Carrington, Henry B. Battles of the American Revolution 1775-1783. New York: Arno, 1968.
Cummins, Joseph. Turn Around and Run Like Hell: Amazing Stories of Unconventional Military Strategies that Worked. London: Murdoch, 2007.
Lumpkin, Henry. From Savannah to Yorktown: The American Revolution in the South. Columbia: University of South Carolina, 1981.
United States Military Academy History Department. “The American Revolution.” United States Military Academy. http://www.dean.usma.edu/history/web03/atlases/american%20revolution/index.htm (accessed May 19, 2009).
Images
American cavalry: http://www.revolutionarywararchives.org/cavalry.html
American militia: http://www.nps.gov/history/museum/exhibits/revwar/image_gal/gucoimg/gucomilitia.html
American regulars: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Infantry,_Continental_Army,_1779-1783.jpg
Banastre Tarleton: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Cowpens
British cavalry: http://www.britishbattles.com/battle-cowpens.htm
British guns: http://www.toysoldiers.com/products-soldiers/williambritains-americanrevolution.htm
British regulars: http://www3.towerhobbies.com/cgi-bin/WTI0001P?I=LXYE41&P=8
Daniel Morgan: http://www.history.army.mil/books/RevWar/ss/ch2.htm
Ulm
Works Consulted
Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present, Fourth Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
Esposito, Vincent J. and John Robert Elting. A Military History and Atlas of the Napoleonic Wars. New York: Praeger, 1965.
Griess, Thomas. The Wars of Napoleon. New Jersey: Avery Publishing, 1985.
Weigley, Russell F. The Age of Battles: The Quest for Decisive Warfare from Breitenfeld to Waterloo. Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1991.
Images
Austrian cavalry: http://www.napoleonguide.com/cavalry_austria.htm
Austrian infantry: http://napnuts.tripod.com/napwars/frameaustriainf.htm
French cavalry: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Arm%C3%A9e
French infantry: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Arm%C3%A9e
Karl Mack von Liebereich: http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Mack_von_Lieberich
Napoleon Bonaparte: http://wil3.typepad.com/funny_pictures/2005/08/napoleon_bonapa_1.html
Dresden
Works Consulted
Chandler, David. The Campaigns of Napoleon. New York: MacMillan, 1966.
Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present, Fourth Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
Esposito, Vincent J. and John Robert Elting. A Military History and Atlas of the Napoleonic Wars. New York: Praeger, 1965.
Lawford, James Philip. Napoleon: the Last Campaigns 1813-1815. New York: Crown, 1977.
Images
Allied soldiers: http://napnuts.tripod.com/napwars/frameaustriainf.htm
French soldiers: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Arm%C3%A9e
Karl Philipp Furst zu Schwarzenberg: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Karl_Philipp_F%C3%BCrst_Schwarzenberg
Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurent,_Marquis_de_Gouvion_Saint-Cyr
Napoleon Bonaparte: http://wil3.typepad.com/funny_pictures/2005/08/napoleon_bonapa_1.html
Six Days’
Works Consulted
Chandler, David. The Campaigns of Napoleon. New York: MacMillan, 1966.
Esposito, Vincent J. and John Robert Elting. A Military History and Atlas
of the Napoleonic Wars. New York: Praeger, 1965.
Petre, F.L. Napoleon at Bay 1814. London: Arms & Armour, 1914.
Images
French soldiers: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Arm%C3%A9e
Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gebhard_Leberecht_von_Bl%C3%BCcher
Napoleon Bonaparte: http://wil3.typepad.com/funny_pictures/2005/08/napoleon_bonapa_1.html
Prussian soldiers: http://www.dy.pl/Handel/index.php?manufacturers_id=8&sort=1a&page=2
Waterloo
Works Consulted
Becke, Archibald Frank. Napoleon and Waterloo: The Emperor’s Campaign with the Armée du Nord, 1815. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner, 1914.
Chandler, David. The Campaigns of Napoleon. New York: MacMillan, 1966.
Esposito, Vincent J. and John Robert Elting. A Military History and Atlas
of the Napoleonic Wars. New York: Praeger, 1965.
Fuller, J.F.C. The Decisive Battles of the Western World Vol. 2. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1956.
Lawford, James Philip. Napoleon: the Last Campaigns 1813-1815. New York: Crown, 1977.
Seymour, William, Jacques Champagne and E. Kaulbach. Waterloo: Battle of Three Armies. Edited by Lord Chalfont. London: Sedgwick & Jackson, 1979.
Siborne, William. The Waterloo Campaign, 1815. Westminster: A. Constable, 1895.
Images
Allied soldiers: http://www.dy.pl/Handel/index.php?manufacturers_id=8&sort=1a&page=2
Duke of Wellington: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington
French soldiers: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Arm%C3%A9e
Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gebhard_Leberecht_von_Bl%C3%BCcher
Napoleon Bonaparte: http://wil3.typepad.com/funny_pictures/2005/08/napoleon_bonapa_1.html
Ayacucho
Works Consulted
Black, Jeremy. The Seventy Great Battles in History. New York: Thames & Hudson, 2004.
Masur, Gerhard. Simon Bolivar. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico, 1948.
Rourke, Thomas. Man of Glory: Simon Bolivar. New York: William Morrow and Company, 1939.
Images
Antonio Jose de Sucre: http://webnacionalistaecuador.4mg.com/batalla_de_tarqui.htm
Jose de la Serna: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/José_de_la_Serna
Royalist soldiers: http://napoleonistyka.atspace.com/cruel_war_in_Spain.html
Revolutionary soldiers: http://napoleonistyka.atspace.com/cruel_war_in_Spain.html
Mexico City
Works Consulted
Butler, Steven R. A Documentary History of the Mexican War. Richardson: Descendants of Mexican War Veterans, 1995.
Eisenhower, John S.D. So Far from God: The U.S. War with Mexico 1846-1848. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1989.
Esposito, Vincent J. The West Point Atlas of American Wars. New York: Praeger, 1959.
Nevin, David. The Mexican War. Virginia: Time-Life, 1978.
Smith, Justin H. The War with Mexico, Vol. II. New York: MacMillan, 1919.
Images
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_L%C3%B3pez_de_Santa_Anna
Mexican soldier: http://www.pbs.org/kera/usmexicanwar/war/mexican_army.html
United States soldier: http://www.blueandgrey.zoomshare.com/1.html
Winfield Scott: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winfield_Scott
Gate Pa
Works Consulted
Belich, James. The New Zealand Wars and the Victorian Interpretation of Racial Conflict. Auckland: Auckland University Press, 1986.
Gibson, Tom. The Maori Wars; the British Army in New Zealand, 1840-1872. London: L Cooper, 1974.
Mair, Gilbert. The Story of Gate Pa. Tauranga: Bay of Plenty Times, 1937. http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-MaiStor.html
Mitchell, Peter. “Battle of Gate Pa.” http://homepages.ihug.co.nz/~Sxmitch/Index.html (accessed Aug. 11, 2008).
Images
British artillery: http://battleofgettysburgbuff.com/Odds_and_Ends.html
British infantry: http://www.lightinfantry.org.uk/regiments/dcli/duke_uniforms.htm
Duncan Cameron: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duncan_Cameron_(general)
Maori infantry: www.mtt.org.nz/…/Tawhiti-Museum.asp
Pa: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Model_Of_Maori_Pa_On_Headland.jpg
The Wilderness
Works Consulted
Davis, William C. Rebels & Yankees: The Battlefields of the Civil War. New York: Salamander, 1991.
Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From
3500 BC to the Present, Fourth Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
MacDonald, John. Great Battles of the Civil War. New York: MacMillan, 1988.
Scott, Robert Garth. Into the Wilderness with the Army of the Potomac. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1985.
Images
Confederate soldiers: http://www.4thtexas.de/
Federal soldiers: http://www.nps.gov/frsp/wilder.htm
George G. Meade: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_G._Meade
Robert E. Lee: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_E._Lee
Ulysses S. Grant: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant
Mukden
Works Consulted
Corvisier, Andre. A Dictionary of Military History. Cambridge: Basil Blackwell, 1994.
Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present, Fourth Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
Martin, Christopher. The Russo-Japanese War. New York: Abelard-Schuman, 1967.
Menning, Bruce W. Bayonets before Bullets: The Imperial Russian Army, 1861-1914. Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1992.
Images
Aleksey Kuropatkin: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Kuropatkin_1.jpg
Japanese soldiers: http://www.battlefieldanomalies.com/port_arthur/05_siege.htm
Oyama Iwao: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Iwao_Oyama_in_his_middle_age.jpg
Russian soldiers: http://www.beau-geste.com/Whatscoming/nten01.htm
The Marne
Works Consulted
Blond, Georges. The Marne. Harrisburg: Stackpole, 1965.
Van Creveld, Martin L. Supplying War: Logistics from Wallenstein to Patton. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1977.
David, Daniel. The 1914 Campaign: August-October, 1914. Turnbridge Wells: Spellmount, 1987.
Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present, Fourth Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
Fuller, J.F.C. The Decisive Battles of the Western World Vol. 3. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1956.
Isselin, Henri. The Battle of the Marne. London: Elek, 1965.
Keegan, John. The First World War. London: Hutchinson, 1998.
Madelin, Louis. The Victory of the Marne. Paris: Coln, 1917.
McRandle, James and James Quirk. “The Blood Test Revisited: A New Look at German Casualty Counts in World War I.” Journal of Military History 70.3 (2006): 667-701.
Owen, Edward. 1914: Glory Departing. London: Buchan & Enright, 1986.
Palmer, Alan. “The Marne.” In Decisive Battles of the 20th Century, edited by Noble Frankland and Christopher Dowding, 24-35. London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 1976.
United States Military Academy History Department. “World War I – The Western Front.” United States Military Academy. http://www.military.com/Resources/HistorySubmittedFileView?file=history_worldwari_maps.htm (accessed Apr. 25, 2010).
Whitton, Frederick Ernest. The Marne Campaign. London: Constable, 1917.
Images
Alexander von Kluck: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_von_Kluck
French soldiers: http://sites.google.com/site/kateannelong/thechemicalera
German soldiers: http://www.historicahobbies.com/2-German-WW1-Soldiers_p_1841.html
Helmuth von Moltke: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmuth_von_Moltke_the_Younger
Joseph Joffre: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Joffre
Sir John French: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_John_French
Warsaw
Works Consulted
Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present, Fourth Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
Fuller, J.F.C. The Decisive Battles of the Western World Vol. 3. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1956.
Goodenough, Simon. Tactical Genius in Battle. Oxford: Phodian Press, 1979.
Szymczak, Robert. “Polish-Soviet War: Battle of Warsaw.” History Net. http://www.historynet.com/polish-soviet-war-battle-of-warsaw.htm (accessed Nov. 15, 2008).
Watt, Richard M. Bitter Glory: Poland and its Fate 1918-1939. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1982.
Images
Jozef Pilsudski: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B3zef_Pi%C5%82sudski
Mikhail Tukhachevsky: http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Mikhail_Tukhachevsky
Polish soldiers: http://www.palha.info/20thinf.html
Soviet soldiers: http://www.firstworldwar.com/photos/troops.htm
The River Plate
Works Consulted
Howarth, David. Famous Sea Battles. Toronto: Little, Brown & Co., 1981.
Pearce, Frank. Sea War: Great Naval Battles of World War II. London: Robert Hale Ltd., 1990.
Pitt, Barrie. The Battle of the Atlantic. New Jersey: Time-Life Books, 1977.
Pope, Dudley. The Battle of the River Plate. London: Kimber, 1956.
Images
Hans Langsdorff: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Langsdorff
Heavy cruiser: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Exeter_(68)
Henry Harwood: http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/programmes/timewatch/diary_plate_01.shtml
Light cruiser: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMNZS_Achilles
Pocket battleship: http://members.tripod.com/~colemangr/River_Plate.htm
France
Works Consulted
Doughty, Robert A. “Almost A Miracle.” In No End Save Victory, edited by Robert Cowley. New York: Putnam, 2001.
Dupuy, Trevor N. The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From
3500 BC to the Present, Fourth Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
Buell, Thomas B., Clifton R. Franks, John A. Hixson, David R. Mets, Bruce R. Pirnie, James G Ransone, Jr, Thomas R. Stone. The Second World War: Europe and the Mediterranean. New Jersey: Wayne, 1989.
Gudmundsson, Bruce I. “After Dunkirk.” In No End Save Victory, edited by Robert Cowley. New York: Putnam, 2001.
Jowett, Philip S. The Italian Army 1940-45. Oxford: Osprey, 2000.
Kaufmann, J.E. & H.W. Hitler’s Blitzkrieg Campaigns: The Invasion and Defense of Western Europe. Pennsylvania: Combined, 1993.
Powaski, Ronald. Lightning War: Blitzkrieg in the West, 1940. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, 2003.
Ripley, Tim. The Wehrmacht: The German Army of World War II, 1939-1945. New York: Fitzroy Dearborn, 2003.
Service Historique de l’Armée de Terre. Les Grandes Unité de la Guerre 1939-1945 7 vols. Vincennes: SHAT, 1967.
United States Military Academy History Department. “World War II European Theater.” United States Military Academy. http://www.dean.usma.edu/history/web03/atlases/ww2%20europe/WWIIEuropeIndex.html (accessed Aug. 11, 2009).
Images
Adolf Hitler: http://blog.bhadesia.com/2008_08_01_archive.html
French aircraft: http://uploads.the-spectrum.org/upload.php
French soldiers: http://www.tamiya.com/english/products/35288french_infantry/index.htm
French tank: http://www.tbof.us/data/tanks/r35/renault_r35.htm
German aircraft: http://www.militaryphotos.net/forums/showthread.php?t=41544
German soldiers: http://www.tamiya.com/english/products/35293german_infantry/index.htm
German tank: http://www.achtungpanzer.com/articles/polcamp.htm
Maurice Gamelin: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Gamelin
Maxime Weygand: www.tournemire.net/images/maxime.weygand.jpg
Walther von Brauchitsch: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walther_von_Brauchitsch
Kerch Peninsula
Works Consulted
Battlefields: Battle for the Crimea. DVD. 2007, Cromwell Productions.
Haupt, Werner. Army Group South: The Wehrmacht in Russia 1941-1945. Atglen: Schiffer, 1998.
Mawdsley, Evan. Thunder in the East. London: Oxford University Press, 2007.
Moshchansky, I. and A. Savin. "Bor’ba za Krym. Sentyabr’ 1941 - Iyul 1942." Voyennaya Letopis 1 (2002).
Seaton, Albert. The Russo-German War 1941-1945. London: Arthur Barker Limited, 1971.
Images
Erich von Manstein: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erich_von_Manstein
German aircraft: http://www-micrel.deis.unibo.it/~michele/aircrafts/WWII.html
German infantry: http://warandgame.wordpress.com/2008/10/06/the-german-infantry-and-grenadier-battalion/
German tank: http://www.achtungpanzer.com/panzerkampfwagen-iii.htm
Soviet aircraft: http://www.vvsregiaavions.com/
Soviet infantry: http://www.modellposta.hu/ujdonsagok/ujdonsag2.php?parrentid=2167
Soviet tank: http://www.battletanks.com/t34_76b.htm
Kohima-Imphal
Works Consulted
Evans, Geoffrey. “Imphal-Kohima.” In Decisive Battles of the 20th Century, edited by Noble Frankland and Christopher Dowding, 251-264. London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 1976.
Greiss, Thomas. Campaign Atlas to the Second World War. New Jersey: Avery, 1989.
Moser, Don. China-Burma-India. New Jersey: Time-Life Books, 1978.
Slim, William. Defeat Into Victory. London: Cassell, 1956.
Images
British soldiers: http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/ARMY/Images-1939a.html
Japanese soldiers: http://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar/timeline/factfiles/nonflash/a1122355.shtml?sectionId=3&articleId=1122355
Renya Mutaguchi: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutaguchi_Renya
William Slim: http://www.lancs-fusiliers.co.uk/gallerynew/WW2/1stBn/chindits.htm
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